When does recombination occur during meiosis

Explanation : During prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair with each other and exchange genetic material in a process called chromosomal crossover. Example Question 8 : Understanding Crossing Over. Possible Answers: Tetrads. Correct answer: Homologous chromosomes. Explanation : Crossing over occurs when chromosomal homologs exchange information during metaphase of Meiosis I. Example Question 9 : Understanding Crossing Over. Possible Answers: Interphase. Explanation : Crossing over occurs during prophase I when parts of the homologous chromosomes overlap and switch their genes.

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Finally, as prophase I draws to a close and metaphase I begins, the crossing-over process concludes, and the homologous chromosomes prepare to separate. When the homologous chromosomes are later pulled apart during anaphase I, each chromosome carries new, unique allele combinations that are a direct result of recombination. Does recombination occur in cells other than gametes? More on recombination. During recombination, what enzymes help break and rejoin DNA? Recombination isn't limited to eukaryotes, however.

A special type of recombination called conjugation occurs in many prokaryotes, and it has been particularly well studied and characterized in E. During conjugation, genetic material from one bacterium is transferred to another bacterium, and it is then recombined in the recipient cell.

Recombination also plays important roles in DNA repair in prokaryotic organisms, just as it does in eukaryotic organisms. Key Questions How are recombination and sexual reproduction related? Can errors in DNA be repaired?

How did Barbara McClintock discover recombination? Key Concepts DNA meiosis mitosis. Topic rooms within Genetics Close. No topic rooms are there. Browse Visually. Other Topic Rooms Genetics. Student Voices. Creature Cast. Simply Science. Lopez-Maury, L. Tuning gene expression to changing environments: From rapid responses to evolutionary adaptation.

Nature Reviews Genetics 9 , — doi Marston, A. Meiosis: Cell-cycle controls shuffle and deal. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 5 , — doi Page, S. Chromosome choreography: The meiotic ballet. Science , — Petes, T. Meiotic recombination hot spots and cold spots.

Zickler, D. Meiotic chromosomes: Integrating structure and function. Annual Review of Genetics 33 , — Chromosome Mapping: Idiograms. Human Chromosome Translocations and Cancer. Karyotyping for Chromosomal Abnormalities. Prenatal Screen Detects Fetal Abnormalities. Synteny: Inferring Ancestral Genomes. Telomeres of Human Chromosomes. Chromosomal Abnormalities: Aneuploidies. Chromosome Abnormalities and Cancer Cytogenetics.

Copy Number Variation and Human Disease. Genetic Recombination. Human Chromosome Number. Trisomy 21 Causes Down Syndrome. X Chromosome: X Inactivation. Chromosome Theory and the Castle and Morgan Debate. Developing the Chromosome Theory. Meiosis, Genetic Recombination, and Sexual Reproduction. Mitosis and Cell Division. Genetic Mechanisms of Sex Determination. Sex Chromosomes and Sex Determination. Sex Chromosomes in Mammals: X Inactivation.

Sex Determination in Honeybees. Citation: O'Connor, C. Nature Education 1 1 How is the same process responsible for genetic recombination and diversity also the cause of aneuploidy? Understanding the steps of meiosis is essential to learning how errors occur. Aa Aa Aa. Figure 1. Figure Detail.

Meiosis Is a Highly Regulated Process. Figure 2. Meiosis I. Figure 3. Meiosis II. Figure 4. Figure 5. Figure 6: Visualization of chromosomal bridges in Allium fistulosum and Allium cepa plant meiocytes. The sites of double-stranded break DSB dependent homologue interaction can be seen as approximately nm bridges between chromosome axes. These bridges, which probably contain a DSB that is already engaged in a nascent interaction with its partner DNA, occur in large numbers.

Their formation depends on the RecA recombination protein homologues that are expressed in this species. In the next phase of homologue interaction, these nascent interactions are converted to stable strand-invasion events.

This nucleates the formation of the synaptonemal complex SC. Homologous chromosome interactions in meiosis: diversity amidst conservation. Nature Reviews Genetics 6, All rights reserved. References and Recommended Reading Gerton, J. Science , — Petes, T. Article History Close. Share Cancel.